|
No.
|
The name of texts
|
Purpose
|
Generic structure
|
Language features
|
|
1.
|
Procedure
|
To
help us do a task or make something, they can be a set of instructions or
directions
|
Ø
Goal
Ø
Material
Ø
Steps
|
Ø
The
use of imperatives
Ø
The
use of actions verbs
Ø
The
use of adverbial phrases
Ø
The
use of present tense
|
|
2.
|
Recounts
|
To
tell the reader what happened in the past though a sequence of events
|
Ø
Orientation
Ø
events
Ø
Re-orientation
|
Ø
The
use of action verbs
Ø
The
use of past tense
Ø
The
use of conjunction
|
|
3.
|
Narratives
|
To
amuse or entertain the reader with actual or imaginary experiences in
different ways
|
Ø
Orientation
Ø
Complication
Ø
Resolution
|
Ø
The
use of connectives
Ø
The
use of adverbial phrase of time
Ø
Use
simple past
|
|
4.
|
Description
|
To
describe a particular person or thing
|
Ø
Identification
Ø
description
|
Ø
use
of adj.
Ø
attribute
have and has
|
|
5.
|
News
item
|
To
inform the readers, listeners, or viewers about events of the day which are
considered newsworthy or important
|
Ø
newsworthy
events
Ø
background
events
Ø
sources
|
Ø
information
on the use of head lines
Ø
use
of action verbs
Ø
use
of saying verbs
Ø
passive
sentences
|
|
6.
|
Reports
|
To
describe the way things are such as a man-made things, animals, and plants
|
Ø
general
classification
Ø
identification
|
Ø
use
of general nouns
Ø
present
tense
Ø
behavioral
verbs
|
|
7.
|
Analytical
Exposition
|
To
persuade by presenting arguments and to analyze or explain ‘how’ and ‘why’
|
Ø
thesis
Ø
argument
Ø
reiteration
|
Ø
emotive
words
Ø
words
that qualify statements
Ø
words
that link arguments
Ø
present
tense
|
|
8.
|
Hortatory
Exposition
|
To
persuade the readers or listeners that something should or should not be the
case
|
Ø
thesis
Ø
argument
Ø
recommendation
|
Ø
emotive
words
Ø
words
that qualify statements
Ø
words
that link arguments
Ø
present
tense
|
|
9.
|
Explanation
|
To
explain the processes involved in the formation and working of natural or
socio cultural phenomena
|
Ø
General
statement
Ø
Explanation
Ø
closing
|
Ø
Use
of present tense
Ø
Use
of general and abstract nouns
|
|
10.
|
Discussion
|
To
present and opinions about more than one side of an issue
|
Ø
Thesis
Ø
Argument
”for” point
Ø
Argument
“against” point
Ø
Conclusion
|
Ø
Use
of general noun
Ø
Use
of thinking verbs
Ø
Use
of additive connectives
Ø
Use
of causal connectives
Ø
Use
of adverbs of manner
|
|
11.
|
Spoof
|
To
tell an event with a humorous twist
|
Ø
Orientation
Ø
Events
Ø
Twist
|
Ø
Use
of action verbs
Ø
Use
of connectives
Ø
Use
of adverbial phrases of time and place
Ø
Simple
past
|
|
12.
|
Anecdote
|
to
share an amusing or unusual incident with others
|
Ø
Abstract
Ø
Orientation
Ø
Crisis
Ø
Reaction
Ø
Coda
|
Ø
Use
of action verbs
Ø
Use
of connectives
Ø
Use
of adverbial phrases of time and place
Ø
Simple
past
|
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